ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 9396 Second edition 1997-07-15 Plastics Phenolic resins - Determination of the gel time of resols under specific conditions using automatic apparatus Plastiques - Résines phenoliques - Determination du temps de gélification des résols dans des conditions specifiques sur appareils automatiques ISO Reference number ISO 9396:1997(E) ISO9396:1997(E) Foreword Standardization) is a worldwide ISo (the International Organization for federation of national standards bodies (IsO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through Iso technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented governmental, in liaison with iso, also take part in the work. Iso collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)onall mattersofelectrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an international Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 9396 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 12, Thermosetting materials. edition the and replaces first This second edition cancels (ISO 9396:1989), in which method A (which used a rotary stirrer) has been deleted and a precision clause added. @ISO1997 microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. International Organization for Standardization Case postale 56 : CH-1211 Geneve 20 · Switzerland Internet [email protected] X.400 C=ch; a=400net; p=iso; 0=isocs; S=central Printed in Switzerland INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO ISO 9396:1997(E) Plastics -- Phenolic resins - Determination of the gel time of resols under specific conditions using automatic apparatus 1. Scope This International Standard specifies a method for determining the gel time of phenolic resins at a given temperature, using automatic apparatus under specified conditions. The test temperatures are 100 °C, 130 °C and 150 C. The method specified employs a plunger driven to carry out a reciprocating vertical motion. This method applies to the following types of phenolic resin: - liquid resols - solid resols with low rmelting points Powdered resins with a short gel time, such as mixtures of novolak and hexamethylenetetramine, do not lend themselves to this type of determination. Such resins crosslink as soon as fusion starts and become too viscous in the test tube to give meaningful results. Resins containing large amounts of a solvent with a low boiling point are especially unsuitable for this type of determination. With such resins, a boiling and distillation process takes place as the resin hardens. It might be of interest to determine the time taken for the resin to gel in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst shall be added in well defined proportions. The type of catalyst used and its treatment shall be stated in the test report. 2. Preparation oftest portions 2.1 Test liquid resols as produced. 2.2 Test solid resols as produced. 3. Principle A plunger placed in a test tube containing the substance to be examined is driven to carry out a reciprocating motion. The gel time is reached when the viscosity of the specimen is such that the tube is lifted with the plunger, thus stopping a timer.